C1 (1953-62) Corvettes are really known as "solid axle" Corvettes. That's because they had a similar setup to typical cars of the day wherein the rear axle was solid from one rear wheel to the other.
In 1963, along came the C2 (midyear) Corvettes with independent rear suspension (no solid axle). Not only did they have a driveshaft between the transmission and the rear differential (that big thingy in the centre of the car between the rear wheels

), but they also received two additional shafts; one between each rear wheel and the differential. These "half-shafts" looked like about half the length of the driveshaft, thus the name.
The independent rear suspension comes from the fact that each half-shaft (just like the driveshaft) has a universal joint at each end, allowing either wheel to move in response to road conditions "independently" from the other wheel...........which of course would not be possible with a solid axle.
Now, it's my turn to apologize to
grumpyvette for getting way off topic.