I've never had to shim one, but the objective is to have about .030" clearance (about the diameter of a bent-open paper clip) between the peak of an engaged drive pinion gear tooth and the root between the two mating teeth on the ring gear. Adding shims evenly moves the pinion away from the ring gear, adding them only at the outboard bolt moves the pinion closer to the ring gear.
I'd check the Bendix first to make sure it's engaging fully-extended, check the pinion teeth, make sure the starter bolts are tight, and be sure you have the starter brace in place from the forward end of the starter to the side of the block; many Bubbas don't want to fiddle with the starter brace and leave it off when changing the starter. The starter nose wasn't designed to carry a cantilevered load like that, and it eventually cracks, which misaligns the Bendix and eats up the pinion gear and/or the ring gear.